OP:
Is there an accepted method to get the long sides of the rough rectangular stock tangent to the true rotation of the rotary table
Maybe we are both interpreting the Q differently than the OP expresses?
My interpretation is that he wants to set it up so that within the given rectangular blank, the machined arc falls within the borders of the blank, which at 7.915" OD radius/7.6025" ID radius will be well off the edge of a 10" (5" radius)rotab.
One way to do off-hung work is to use a blank that is thicker than necessary. I don't cut into this aux table because it gets use for various large arcs.
I also did not want the part to collapse or chatter while cutting the internal slot (which has a partial straight lead-in ramp if it looks slightly off) Besides keeping the cutter out of the aux table, the webs supported the thin sections of the work while machining. This method also simplified the fixturing, with screws & clamps outside the area of the finish part.
Bandsaw part well outside the finish lines. (10 x 24" chuck for scale):
grind to thickness to reveal the part:
Different part, larger arc, multiple pieces with dowel location to the rotab. I bolted on a subplate drilled/reamed the dowel and bolt holes and just milled into it (milled into the subplate). More stable than parallels& no chance of cutting into a hard parallel Since there were about a dozen of these football shaped parts symetrical about other holes, slots, and features, the fixture plate made sense.
Either way, no parallels necessary when off the edge of the rotab.
But we are getting into a pissing match at this point. I like you too much to take it further.
Perhaps the OP should show a picture?
smt