Hdpg's suggestion is a good one. Even in the absence of a drawbar force gauge, you can pry down on the toolholder flange and get some quick idea if something is drastically amiss.
It would have to be really loose to actually clunk, though

Maybe its not just one thing, but two things wrong.
Does the spindle orient correctly? If there were a spindle encoder fault or bad belt/coupling that would make the feedback bad, it could be a clunk due to motor shock as it is given a jolt to get it up to speed, then it overshoots, etc, kind of like a servo would behave when there is excessive mechanical backlash. Just a WAG