As above, anytime you are not moving the carriage in an operation. Running a mill you will quickly learn to firmly lock any axis not being moved at that time. Same applies to a lathe, but the carriage is usually the only one provided with a lock.
I don't recall ever using the carriage lock on all of the "old iron" lathes I've used over the years. The weight of the carriage was enough to keep it from moving on the bed for facing cuts. Now, my 9" SBL, yes, you have to use it. Ken
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