As above, checked bag, non issue.
Carry-on it depends. I end up transporting small engine components (think timing sprockets, but with internal passages) a couple times a year. 3-6" diameter, teeth on the outside. Being the purpose of the trip I keep them on my person (in bag with laptop) rather than risking a lost or delayed checked bag.
About 40% of the time this results in a brief bag search because the scanner can't see through it, but I've never been told to check them.
I also usually have a handful of small carbide tools (in sleeves) and 8" Mitutoyo calipers (in case). I've never been asked about either of those.
The only thing I carry on that requires explanation is live salt water animals (coral, fish) because it requires an uncommon exemption to the 3-1-1 rule.
Any time I carry something that seems at risk I make sure my carry on bag is something I could check, politely ask about the item before it is flagged, and arrive with enough time to check it if I get turned back.