In theory you could, assuming the spindle and anvil are the same diameter and concentric, by placing the edges of the spindle and anvil against the sides of the lands diameter (the smaller dia) for the land diameter, and centered on the edges of the groove diameter for the grooves diameter. This would require mechanical holding of the bullet for any chance of being accurate because one doesn't have enough hands otherwise.
Otherwise make a 120° included angle V block with an accurately positioned bottom flat and use that as the holding/measuring aid.